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Jules Ralph Feiffer (born January 26, 1929)〔''Comics Buyer's Guide'' #1650; February 2009; Page 107〕 is an award-winning American syndicated cartoonist and author, who was considered the most widely read satirist in the country.〔 He won the Pulitzer Prize in 1986 as America's leading editorial cartoonist, and in 2004 he was inducted into the Comic Book Hall of Fame. He wrote the animated short, ''Munro'', which won an Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film in 1961. The Library of Congress has recognized his "remarkable legacy," from 1946 to the present, as a cartoonist, playwright, screenwriter, adult and children’s book author, illustrator and art instructor.〔 When Feiffer was 17, he became assistant to cartoonist Will Eisner in the mid-1940s, where he helped Eisner write and illustrate his comic strips, including "The Spirit". He then became a staff cartoonist at ''The Village Voice'' beginning in 1956, where he produced the weekly comic strip titled ''Feiffer'', until 1997. His cartoons became nationally syndicated in 1959 and then appeared regularly in publications including the ''Los Angeles Times'', the ''London Observer'', ''The New Yorker'', ''Playboy'', ''Esquire'', and ''The Nation''. In 1997 he created the first op-ed page comic strip for the ''New York Times'', which ran monthly until 2000. He has written more than 35 books, plays and screenplays. His first of many collections of satirical cartoons, ''Sick, Sick, Sick,'' was published in 1958, and his first novel, ''Harry, the Rat With Women'', in 1963. He wrote ''The Great Comic Book Heroes'' in 1965, the first history of the comic book superheroes of the late 1930s and early 1940s, and a tribute to their creators. In 1979 Feiffer created his first graphic novel, ''Tantrum''. By 1993 he began writing and illustrating books aimed at young readers, with several winning awards. Feiffer began writing for the theater and film in 1961, with plays including ''Little Murders'' (1967), ''Feiffer's People'' (1969), and ''Knock Knock'' (1976). He wrote the screenplay for ''Carnal Knowledge'' (1971), directed by Mike Nichols, and ''Popeye'' (1980), directed by Robert Altman. Besides writing, he is currently an instructor with the MFA program at Stony Brook Southampton. ==Early life== Feiffer was born in The Bronx, New York City, on January 26, 1929. His parents were David Feiffer and Rhoda (née Davis), and Feiffer was raised in a Jewish household with a younger and an older sister.〔Silvey, Ed. ''The Essential Guide to Children's Books and Their Creators'', Houghton Mifflin Harcourt (2002) p. 154〕 His father was usually unemployed in his work as a salesman due to the Depression. His mother was a fashion designer who made watercolor drawings of her designs which she sold to various clothing manufacturers in New York. "She'd go door to door selling her designs for $3," recalls Feiffer. The fact that she was the breadwinner, however, created an "atmosphere of silent blame" in the home. Feiffer began drawing at the age of 3. "My mother always encouraged me to draw," he says.〔Feiffer, Jules. ("The Return of Cartoonist Jules Feiffer" ), ''Wall Street Journal'', June 16, 2015〕 When he was 13 his mother gave him a drawing table for his bedroom. She also enrolled him in the Art Students League of New York to study anatomy. He graduated from James Monroe High School in 1947.〔 He won a John Wanamaker Art Contest medal for a crayon drawing of the radio Western hero Tom Mix.〔Feiffer, Jules. ''The Great Comic Book Heroes'' (The Dial Press, New York, first trade paperback edition, 1977), p. 12. ISBN 978-0-8037-3045-8. Ellipses after "Green Hornet" in original text.〕 He wrote in 1965 about his childhood: Feiffer says that cartoons were his first interest when young, "what I loved the most."〔 He states that because he couldn't write well enough to be a writer, or draw well enough to be an artist, he realized that the best way to succeed would be to combine his limited talents in each of those fields to create something unique.〔 He read comic strips from various newspapers which his father might bring home, and was mostly attracted to the way they told stories. "What I loved best about these comics was that they created a very personal world in which almost anything could take place," Feiffer says. "And readers would accept it even if it had nothing to do with any other kind of world. It was the fantasy world I loved."〔 Among his favorite cartoons were ''Our Boarding House'', ''Alley Oop'' "and ''Wash Tubbs''.〔Feiffer, ''The Great Comic Book Heroes'', pp. 12–13〕 He began to decipher features of different cartoonists, such as the sentimental naturalism of ''Abbie an' Slats'', the () Sturges-like characters and plots of others, with cadenced dialogue. He recalls that Will Eisner's ''Spirit'' rivaled them in structure. And no strip, except () Caniff's ''Terry (the Pirates )'', rivaled it in atmosphere."〔Feiffer, ''The Great Comic Book Heroes'', p. 13〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jules Feiffer」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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